Volume 29, Issue 3
DOI: 10.24205/03276716.2020.766
Gold Civilization of Mamalic Dynasty and its Contributions for The Islamic World
Abstract
Islam has a long history of forming a new civilization in the world. Through several dynasties that were born, Islam made a significant contribution to the existence of science and the world of academia in particular. One dynasty that made a significant contribution to world civilization was the Mamalik dynasty. For this reason, this research aims to find out how the Mamalik dynasty civilization and its contribution to the Muslim world. This research was conducted by following a systematic literature review approach. Researchers collected data from books and scientific articles relating to the civilization of the Mamalik dynasty. To achieve the objectives of this study, researchers analyzed data qualitatively with an interactive analysis model. This study's results indicate that the Mamalik dynasty was born from descendants of slave backgrounds taken when the Bani Abbasids came to power. However, when they became sultans, they were able to provide something equivalent to those not from a slave's past. The Mamalik dynasty introduced a new government system, namely the military oligarchy system, which undermined the tradition of lifting the Caliph based on heredity. Besides that, when this dynasty was in power, many scholars and scientists were born, such as
Ibn Taimiyah, Jalaluddin al-Suyuthi, Ibn Qudamah, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalany, Ibn Qayyim al-Juziyah, and others.
Keywords
Civilization, Mamalik, Islamic world